linux 操作系统下csplit命令介绍和使用案例
csplit命令是Linux系统中用于根据特定模式将文件分割成多个小文件的工具。与split命令不同，csplit允许用户根据文件内容的特定模式（如行号或正则表达式）来进行分割
csplit命令概述基本语法bashcsplit [options] file pattern...主要功能将指定的文件按照用户定义的模式进行分割。分割后的文件会被命名为xx00、xx01等，用户可以自定义文件名前缀。常用选项-b, --suffix-format=FORMAT: 指定输出文件名的格式。-f, --prefix=PREFIX: 指定输出文件名前缀，默认为xx。-n, --digits=N: 指定输出文件名的数字位数。-k, --keep-files: 保留在分割过程中出现错误的输出文件。-s, --quiet: 不显示输出文件的大小信息。-z, --elide-empty-files: 删除空的输出文件。模式INTEGER: 复制指定行数的内容。/REGEXP/[OFFSET]: 从匹配到的行开始，按照偏移量复制指定行数的内容。%REGEXP%[OFFSET]: 忽略匹配到的行。{N}: 重复前一个模式N次。*: 一直匹配到文件结尾。命令选项：
root@meng:~# which csplit
/usr/bin/csplit
root@meng:~# csplit --help
Usage: csplit [OPTION]... FILE PATTERN...
Output pieces of FILE separated by PATTERN(s) to files 'xx00', 'xx01', ...,
and output byte counts of each piece to standard output.
Read standard input if FILE is -
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
-b, --suffix-format=FORMAT use sprintf FORMAT instead of %02d
-f, --prefix=PREFIX use PREFIX instead of 'xx'
-k, --keep-files do not remove output files on errors
--suppress-matched suppress the lines matching PATTERN
-n, --digits=DIGITS use specified number of digits instead of 2
-s, --quiet, --silent do not print counts of output file sizes
-z, --elide-empty-files remove empty output files
--help display this help and exit
--version output version information and exit
Each PATTERN may be:
INTEGER copy up to but not including specified line number
/REGEXP/[OFFSET] copy up to but not including a matching line
%REGEXP%[OFFSET] skip to, but not including a matching line
{INTEGER} repeat the previous pattern specified number of times
{*} repeat the previous pattern as many times as possible
A line OFFSET is a required '+' or '-' followed by a positive integer.
GNU coreutils online help: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
Report any translation bugs to <https://translationproject.org/team/>
Full documentation <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/csplit>
or available locally via: info '(coreutils) csplit invocation'
root@meng:~# csplit
csplit: missing operand
Try 'csplit --help' for more information.
root@meng:~#
命令案例：
root@meng:~# ls
f1.txt.bz2 f2.txt.bz2 m1.txt m1.txt.bak m2.txt meng meng.cpio meng.sh meng.txt meng.txt.bz2 rec00001f1.txt s1.txt s2.txt snap tmp
root@meng:~# more m1.txt
hello men
g
hello meng
g
Hello World
This is a test
HelloWorld
Hello World
This is a test
root@meng:~# csplit m1.txt 3
12
97
root@meng:~# ls
f1.txt.bz2 f2.txt.bz2 m1.txt m1.txt.bak m2.txt meng meng.cpio meng.sh meng.txt meng.txt.bz2 rec00001f1.txt s1.txt s2.txt snap tmp xx00 xx01
root@meng:~# more xx00 xx01
::::::::::::::
xx00
::::::::::::::
hello men
g
::::::::::::::
xx01
::::::::::::::
hello meng
g
Hello World
This is a test
HelloWorld
Hello World
This is a test
root@meng:~#
csplit m2.txt /meng/ -n2 -f sm -b "%02d.log"
/meng/: 匹配包含meng的行。-n2: 输出文件名使用两位数字。-f sm: 输出文件名前缀为sm。-b "%02d.log": 输出文件名格式为sm00.log、sm01.log等。root@meng:~# cat m2.txt
hlo men
g
hlo meng
g
his is a test
HloWorld
his is a test
root@meng:~# csplit m2.txt /meng/ -n2 -f sm -b "%02d.log"
11
84
root@meng:~# ls
f1.txt.bz2 m1.txt m2.txt meng.cpio meng.txt rec00001f1.txt s2.txt sm01.log tmp xx01
f2.txt.bz2 m1.txt.bak meng meng.sh meng.txt.bz2 s1.txt sm00.log snap xx00
root@meng:~# cat sm01.log
hlo meng
g
his is a test
HloWorld
his is a test
root@meng:~# cat sm00.log
hlo men
g
root@meng:~#
