【上期回顾】

【本期内容】

一、内容纲要

二、内容简述

（一）基本用法

英语中的句子按照其组织结构分，主要包括：简单句、并列句和复合句。

英语中的并列句（Compound sentences）是指连接两个独立从句的句子，通常带有类似and或but的并列连词，有时也会通过某些标点符号（如分号）来连接。并列句最好是由两个或多个相对独立但又密切相关的句子组合而成的句子。如：

I have a pet iguana. His name is Fluffy.

I have a pet iguana, and his name is Fluffy.

I have a pet iguana; his name is Fluffy.

（二）并列句与简单句

英语中有的简单句含有两个或以上的并列主语或谓语，但它们却不是并列句。如：

简单句：My father and my mother are both doctors.

并列句：My father and my mother are both doctors, and they both like tennis.

简单句：I came here to chew bubblegum and study grammar.

并列句：I came here to chew bubble gum and study grammar, but I’m all out of gum.

（三）并列祈使句

英语中的祈使句虽然其暗含的主语you一般不出现，但它们也是独立的句子，如果两个祈使句由并列连词连接，也构成并列句。如：

Get me some water, or the fire will spread!

“Nature does not hurry, yet everything is accomplished.” —Lao Tzu

“Be yourself; everyone else is already taken.” —Oscar Wilde

“You will face many defeats in life, but never let yourself be defeated.” —Maya Angelou

（四）并列句与标点符号

英语中的并列句如果使用了并列连词连接，仍然可以在并列连词前面加上逗号；如果没有并列连词，则可以通过分号、破折号或冒号来连接。如：

You must take some medicine, or it may get worse.

I like basketball; I often play it on Sundays.

He wasn’t just late - he didn’t show up at all.

I learned my lesson: I can’t be trusted in Vegas.

（五）并列句与复合句

英语中有的并列句和复合句可以通过改变连接词，实现相互转换。如：

I got up late this morning, so I missed the first bus.

Because I got up late this morning, I missed the first bus.

She had tried her best, but she still failed the test.

Although she had tried her best, she still failed the test.

（六）流水句错误

英语中两个独立的句子一般不能仅仅通过逗号来连接，这种错误的句子被称作流水句（Run-on sentences）。试比较：

【修改前】Dogs have masters, cats have servants.

【修改后】Dogs have masters, but cats have servants.