英语语法简单学:现在完成进行时

香课程 2024-05-02 08:17:13

【上期回顾】

【本期内容】

一、内容纲要

二、内容简述

(一)构成方式

该时态下,动词的形式是:have/has been doing。其中,have/has为助动词,doing为动词的过去分词。其否定表达为have/has not(haven't或hasn't)。

(二)基本用法

表达过去发生的事情持续到现在,或者刚刚结束,或者还会继续持续下去:

1、刚刚结束

如:

【例句】Ann is sitting on the chair, very tired. She has been working hard.

【分析】在这个例子中,work hard这个动作过去开始一直持续到现在才结束。

2、还会持续

如:

【例句】It has been raining for two hours.

【分析】这里,rain的动作过去发生,持续到现在,且还可能会继续持续下去。

(三)标志词

因为该时态强调动作的持续进行,所以往往会与时间段连用。如:

He has been repairing the house the whole morning.

他整个上午都在修房子。

They have been working in the garden for three hours.

他们在花园里已经干了三个小时了。

She has been learning French since ten years ago.

她十年前就开始学法语了。

(四)动词的现在分词

可点击下面的文章,参考其中有关现在分词的变化规则:

(五)句型变化

原句:We have been painting the bedroom for two hours.

否定句:We have not been painting the bedroom for two hours.

一般疑问句及其回答:

- Have you been painting the bedroom for two hours?

- Yes, we have.

- No, we haven't.

划线部分提问:

How long have you been painting?

(六)特殊情况

1、有时现在完成时和现在完成进行时表达的含义是一样的。如:

She has lived here for five years.

She has been living here for five years.

以上两句话,都表示她在这儿住了五年的时间了,而且还有可能会继续住下去。

2、表状态的动词不能用于现在完成进行时。如:

We have known each other since childhood.

我们从小就彼此熟悉。

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