那么生活中，我们应该如何注意生活方式，以降低患恶性肿瘤的风险呢[3]？

1、 注意清洁和卫生

2、 饮食规律

适量摄入蔬菜、水果、全谷类食物和低脂肪食物，避免过度摄入红肉、加工肉类。

3、 适量运动

建议每天坚持30分钟的有氧运动，如跑步、游泳、健身操等。

4、 保持充足的睡眠

一般来说，每天需要有7~9个小时的睡眠量[12]。

平时可注意自我查体，如果发现异常可及时医院就诊。

另外，定期医院体检，早发现早治疗。

自己检查身体有无异常，定期去医院检查，使肉块恶化的风险降低至最低。

总之，如果你发现身上长了异常的肉块时，不必过于提心吊胆，也不能自信地认为是良性便视而不见。

应该及早就医，只有专业医生才能准确判断肉块的性质，并给出正确的诊断和治疗建议。

审核专家：袁芃

中国医学科学院肿瘤医院 肿瘤内科 主任医师

参考文献

[1] Cleveland Clinic. Benign Lung Tumors & Nodules: Types, Symptoms & Treatment. [EB/OL]. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15023-benign-lung-tumors#:~:text=Tumors%20that%20are%20generally%20larger,it%27s%20called%20a%20pulmonary%20nodule.n.

[2] Jang, Se Jin MD*; Gardner, Jerad M. MD†; Ro, Jae Y. MD, PhD*,†. Diagnostic Approach and Prognostic Factors of Cancers. Advances in Anatomic Pathology 18(2):p 165-172, March 2011. | DOI: 10.1097/PAP.0b013e31820cb39e

[3] Cleveland Clinic. Swollen Lymph Nodes (Lymphadenopathy/Adenopathy): Symptoms & Causes. [EB/OL]. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15219-swollen-lymph-nodes

[4] Fox Chase Cancer Center. Cysts vs. Tumors: 7 Things You Need to Know. [EB/OL]. https://www.foxchase.org/blog/cysts-vs-tumors-7-things-you-need-know

[5] Cleveland Clinic. Benign Tumors: Definition, Types, Causes & Management. [EB/OL]. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22121-benign-tumor

[6] Nakashima, K., Uematsu, T., Takahashi, K. et al. Does breast cancer growth rate really depend on tumor subtype? Measurement of tumor doubling time using serial ultrasonography between diagnosis and surgery. Breast Cancer 26, 206–214 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12282-018-0914-0

[7] Scripps Health. Skin Bumps and Lumps: What Do They Mean? [EB/OL]. https://www.scripps.org/news_items/6669-skin-lumps-and-bumps-an-a-z-guide

[8] Cleveland Clinic. Lipoma: What Is It, Causes, Symptoms, Types, Treatment. [EB/OL]. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15008-lipomas

[9] Healthdirect. Swollen lymph node (swollen glands). [EB/OL]. https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/swollen-glands

[10] National Library of Medicine. Breast Fibroadenoma. [EB/OL]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK535345/#:~:text=A%20fibroadenoma%20is%20a%20painless,common%20in%20post-menopausal%20women.

[11] 广东省卫生健康委. “世界肿瘤日”来临之际，提醒育龄男性肿瘤患者为自己的精子买一份保险！[EB/OL]. https://wsjkw-gd-gov-cn.translate.goog/woweiqunzhongbanshishi/content/post_3450960.html?_x_tr_sch=http&_x_tr_sl=zh-CN&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=sc

[12] Cleveland Clinic. Sleep: What Is It. Why It’s Important. [EB/OL]. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/12148-sleep-basics